18.11 P_ALIGN: Time shifting waveform data to align on P or S-phase arrival times.

If one wishes to compare signals (align in time) from different earthquakes observed at the same station, the P_ALIGN program can be used. The program works by time shifting the waveform header times to a common time and then putting all the new waveform file names into an S-file. First use e.g. the SELECT program to extract information of earthquakes in a defined area that have been observed by a given station, and use GET_WAV to copy the waveform files to your working directory. Then execute P_ALIGN. The input is the Nordic file (e.g. select.out) and the station name for data to be compared. The output is:

The waveforms in the output file tsd.out can also be plotted with the command mulplt -sfile tsd.out.

The arrival time of the selected phase in the new waveform files is the pseudo date and time: 2070-11-27 12:00.

Note: The station name is renamed in the output. If there are more than one P-phase observation for a single event (e.g. Pn and Pg, or P read on two different channels) it is the first P that is time shifted. The program can only time shift 99 waveform files and they have to be in SEISAN format. The waveform file must be present in the working directory.

Figure 18.2 show an example.

Figure 18.2: Example of aligning traces from 5 events for the same station. Note that the alignment is critically dependent on the original P-picks.
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Peter Voss : Tue Jun 8 13:38:42 UTC 2021