Free columns are included for two purposes:
Here are examples, top 3 lines for positioning only.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
. . . . . . . .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 6 3 1955 35.5 D 47.760 153.227 0.0 TES 12 1.1 5.6WHRV 5.6bPDE1
1996 6 3 1955 35.5 D 47.760 153.227 0.0 TES 12 1.1 5.6WHRV 5.6bPDE1
GAP=348 2.88 999.9 999.9999.9 -0.1404E+08 -0.3810E+08 0.1205E+09E
1996 0603 1955 31.8 D 46.787153.722 33.0 PDE 5.6bPDE 1
ACTION:SPL 08-10-02 10:19 OP:jh STATUS: ID:19960603195540 I
1996-06-03-2002-18S.TEST__012 6
1996-06-03-1917-52S.TEST__002 6
STAT SP IPHASW D HRMM SECON CODA AMPLIT PERI AZIMU VELO AIN AR TRES W DIS CAZ7
KBS BZ EP 20 4 40.63 23 -1.3210 5724 351
TRO SZ EP 20 5 32.5 21 1.7510 6471 343
LOF SZ IP C 20 5 46.68 21 -0.1110 6729 344
JNW SZ EP 20 5 49.5 21 1.1910 6755 353
JMI LZ I 20 8 27.35 6768 353
JMI LZ I 2014 41.56 6768 353
JMI LZ I 2021 25.49 6768 353
MOL SZ IP C 20 6 25.49 19 -1.7410 7408 343
FOO SZ EP 20 6 35.99 19 0.1210 7559 344
HYA SZ EP 20 6 36.91 19 -0.1410 7580 343
SUE SZ IP C 20 6 39.07 19 -0.2810 7621 344
KONO BZ IP C 20 6 40.72 19 -0.7010 7657 341
ASK SZ EP 9 20 6 37.24 19 -4.94 0 7671 344
BER SZ EP 9 20 6 37.43 19 -5.16 0 7678 344
EGD SZ EP 9 20 6 38.42 19 -4.95 0 7692 344
ODD1 SZ EP 20 6 45.57 19 1.7310 7699 343
BLS5 SZ EP 20 6 46.33 19 -0.5010 7753 343
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Below are examples of how the last free columns of type 4 lines are used in the Nordic Databank in Helsinki and in Bergen:
1985 510 21 5 16.1 LE 60.240 6.170 30.0F BER 6 2.3 3.8LNAO 4.0bPDE 3.2sISC 1
1.5 0.5 0.9 5.0 0.4 5
8505210425.WNN 6
ACTION:UPD 93-07-09 09:40 OP:jens STATUS: ID:19920101080359 I
STAT SP IPHASW D HRMM SECON CODA AMPLIT PERI AZIMU VELO AIN AR TRES W DIS CAZ7
STAT SP IPHASW D HRMM SECON CODA AMPLIT PERI AZIMU VELO AIN AR TRES W DIS CAZ7
8505210425.WNN 6
ACTION:UPD 93-07-09 09:40 OP:jens STATUS: ID:19920101080359 I
STAT SP IPHASW D HRMM SECON CODA AMPLIT PERI AZIMU VELO AIN AR TRES W DIS CAZ7
NRSA SZ IPN 1 D 2105 13.44 0345 1234.6 1.33 245.2 08.6 22 2 -0.7 9 555 235
BER SZ IPG 2 U 2105 25.41 200
HYA SZ ISG 1 2105 33.1
ODD SZ IP 3 2105 20.1 250
ODD SZ EPG 2105 22.9
ODD SZ LG 2105 55.8
Note in this example the fault plane solution line(F) and the HYP error line(E)
1993 1028 0800 26.4 L 57.518 7.119 18.8 BER 6 .6 2.6CBER 1 GAP=201 1.20 6.4 7.0 6.8 .3359E+01 -.2719E+00 .3054E+02E 93.2 74.8 -48.2 2 F ACTION:SPL 95-01-08 09:40 OP:jh STATUS: ID:19931028080019 I 9310-28-0800-19S.NSN__17 6 STAT SP IPHASW D HRMM SECON CODA AMPLIT PERI AZIMU VELO AIN AR TRES W DIS CAZ7 BLS5 SZ EP D 8 0 56.80 129 -.110 216 349 BLS5 SZ ESG 8 1 23.59 -.910 216 349 BLS5 SZ EP 8 0 56.80 129 -.110 216 349 BLS5 SZ ESG 8 1 23.59 -.910 216 349 Location parameters: AR : Azimuth residual when using azimuth information in locations TRES: Travel time residual W : Actual weight used for location ( inc. e.g. distance weight), i2 DIS : Epicentral distance in km CAZ : Azimuth from event to station ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: Type 1 line must be the first, all type 4 lines should be together and the last line must be blank --------------------------------------------------------------------------------FORMAT DESCRIPTION:
Type 1 Line: Hypocenter line
Columns Format Description Comments
1 Free
2- 5 I4 Year
6 Free
7- 8 I2 Month
9-10 I2 Day of Month
11 Fix o. time Normally blank, an F fixes origin time
12-13 I2 Hour
14-15 I2 Minutes
16 Free
17-20 F4.1 Seconds
21 Location model indicator Any character
22 A1 Distance Indicator L = Local, R = Regional, D = Distant, etc.
23 A1 Event ID E = Confirmed explosion
P = Probable explosion
V = Volcanic
Q = Confirmed earthquake
' ' = Presumed earthquake
L = Landslide (was X)
S = Acoustic signal
I = triggered or induced
O = confirmed other event
C = Cryogenic event (e.g. ice quake)
G = Glacial earthquake (subset of C)
24-30 F7.3 Latitude Degrees (+ N)
31-38 F8.3 Longitude Degrees (+ E)
39-43 F5.1 Depth Km
44 A1 Depth Indicator F = Fixed, S = Starting value
45 A1 Locating indicator ----------------------------, * do not locate
46-48 A3 Hypocenter Reporting Agency
49-51 Number of Stations Used
52-55 RMS of Time Residuals
56-59 F4.1 Magnitude No. 1
60 A1 Type of Magnitude L=ML, b=mb, B=mB, s=Ms, S=MS, W=MW,
G=MbLg (not used by SEISAN), C=Mc
61-63 A3 Magnitude Reporting Agency
64-67 F4.1 Magnitude No. 2
68 A1 Type of Magnitude
69-71 A3 Magnitude Reporting Agency
72-75 F4.1 Magnitude No. 3
76 A1 Type of Magnitude
77-79 A3 Magnitude Reporting Agency
80 A1 Type of this line ("1"), can be blank if first
line of event
If more than 3 magnitudes need to be associated with the hypocenter in the first line, a
subsequent additional type one line can be written with the same year, month, day until event
ID and hypocenter agency. The magnitudes on this line will then be associated with the main
header line and there is then room for 6 magnitudes.
Type 2 line (Macroseismic information)
1-5 Blank
6-20 a Any descriptive text
21 Free
22 a1 Diastrophism code (PDE type)
F = Surface faulting
U = Uplift or subsidence
D = Faulting and Uplift/Subsidence
23 a1 Tsunami code (PDE type)
T = Tsunami generated
Q = Possible tsunami
24 a1 Seiche code (PDE type)
S = Seiche
Q = Possible seiche
25 a1 Cultural effects (PDE type)
C = Casualties reported
D = Damage reported
F = Earthquake was felt
H = Earthquake was heard
26 a1 Unusual events (PDE type)
L = Liquefaction
G = Geysir/fumerol
S = Landslides/Avalanches
B = Sand blows
C = Cracking in the ground (not normal faulting).
V = Visual phenomena
O = Olfactory phenomena
M = More than one of the above observed.
27 Free
28-29 i2 Max Intensity
30 a1 Max Intensity qualifier
(+ or - indicating more precicely the intensity)
31-32 a2 Intensity scale (ISC type defintions)
MM = Modified Mercalli
RF = Rossi Forel
CS = Mercalli - Cancani - Seberg
SK = Medevev - Sponheur - Karnik33 Free
34-39 f6.2 Macroseismic latitude (Decimal)
40 Free
41-47 f7.2 Macroseismic longitude (Decimal)
48 Free
49-51 f3.1 Macroseismic magnitude
52 a1 Type of magnitudeI = Magnitude based on maximum Intensity.
A = Magnitude based on felt area.
R = Magnitude based on radius of felt area.
* = Magnitude calculated by use of special formulas
developed by some person for a certain area.
Further info should be given on line 3.
53-56 f4.2 Logarithm (base 10) of radius of felt area.
57-61 f5.2 Logarithm (base 10) of area (km**2) number 1 where
earthquake was felt exceeding a given intensity.
62-63 i2 Intensity boardering the area number 1.
64-68 f5.2 Logarithm (base 10) of area (km**2) number 2 where
earthquake was felt exceeding a given intensity.
69-70 i2 Intensity boardering the area number 2.71 Free
72 a1 Quality rank of the report (A, B, C, D) 73-75 a3 Reporting agency
76-79 Free
80 a1 Type of this line ("2")
Type 3 Line (Optional): Comments, more examples below
Columns Format Description Comments
1 Free
2-79 A Text Anything
80 A1 Type of this line ("3")
This type of line can be used to specify xnear, xfar and the starting depth for use with
HYPOCENTER. For example
XNEAR 200.0 XFAR 400.0 SDEP 15.0 3
8-13 f6.1 Xnear
20-25 f6.1 Xfar
32-36 f5.1 Starting depth
Type 4 line: Phase lines
Columns Format Description Comments
1 Free
2- 6 A5 Station Name Blank = End of readings = end of
event
7 A1 Instrument Type S = SP, I = IP, L = LP etc
8 A1 Component Z, N, E ,T, R, 1, 2
9 Free or weight, see note below
10 A1 Quality Indicator I, E, etc.
11-14 A2 Phase ID PN, PG, LG, P, S, etc. **
15 I1 Weighting Indicator (1-4) 0 or blank= full weight, 1=75%, 2=50%, 3=25%,4=0%, 9: no weight, use difference
time (e.g. P-S).
16 Free or flag A to indicate automartic pick, removed when picking
17 A1 First Motion C, D
18 Note: Currently 15 to 18 can also be used for phase assuming
column 11-14 is not blank. See note ** below.
19-20 I2 Hour Hour can be up to 48 to
indicate next day
21-22 I2 Minutes
23-28 F6.0 Seconds
29 Free
30-33 I4 Duration (to noise) Seconds
34-40 g7.1 Amplitude (Zero-Peak) in units of nm, nm/s, nm/s^2 or counts.
41 Free
42-45 F4.0 Period Seconds
46 Free
47-51 F5.0 Direction of Approach, back azimuth Degrees
52 Free
53-56 F4.0 Phase Velocity Km/second
57-60 F4.0 Angle of incidence (was Signal to noise ratio before version 8.0)
61-63 I3 Back azimuth residual
64-68 F5.1 Travel time residual
69-70 I2 Weight
71-75 F5.0 Epicentral distance(km)
76 Free
77-79 I3 Azimuth at source
80 A1 Type of this line ("4"), can be blank, which it is
most often
NB: Epicentral distance: Had format I5 before version 7.2. All old lines can be read with
format F5.0 with same results, but now distance can also be e.g. 1.23 km which cannot be read
by earlier versions. However, an UPDATE would fix that.
** Long phase names: An 8 character phase can be used in column 11-18. There is then not
room for polarity information. The weight is then put into column 9. This format is recognized
by HYP and MULPLT.
Type 4 cards should be followed by a Blank Card (Type 0)
Type 5 line (optional): Error estimates of previous line, currently not used
by any SEISAN programs.
Columns Format Description Comments
1 Free
2-79 Error estimates in same format as previous line, normallytype 4
80 A1 Type of this line ("5")
Type 6 Line (Optional): Reference to where waveform data is found.
This is mostly a file name but can also be a reference to a position
in an archive.
Columns Format Description Comments
1 Free
2-79 Name of file or archive reference, a-format,
80 Type of this line ("6")
Archive reference:
Example:
ARC STAT COM NT LO YYYY MMDD HHMM SS DUR
ARC ROSA BHZ PM 2010 1011 0100 00 14400
1 Free
2-04 Must be the keyword ARC
5 Free
6-10 Station (a5)
11 Free
12-14 Compoent (a3)
15 Free
16-17 network (a2)
18 Free
19-20 Location (a2)
21 Free
22-38 Year,month,day,hour.min,sec (i4,1x,2i2,1x,2i2,1x,i2)
39 Free
40-44 Duration of extract (s), (i5)
46-79 Free
80 Type of this line ("6")
Type 7 Line (Optional): Title line for phases, fixed text
Columns Format Description Comments
1 Free
2-79 A Help lines to place the numbers in right positions
80 A1 Type of this line ("7")
Example
STAT SP IPHASW D HRMM SECON CODA AMPLIT PERI AZIMU VELO AIN AR TRES W DIS CAZ7
Type E Line (Optional): Hyp error estimatea of prime hypocenter, only one
E-lie in S-file
Columns Format Description
1 Free
2 - 5 A4 The text GAP=
6 - 8 I3 Gap
15-20 F6.2 Origin time error
25-30 F6.1 Latitude (y) error
31-32 Free
33-38 F6.1 Longitude (x) error (km)
39-43 F5.1 Depth (z) error (km)
44-55 E12.4 Covariance (x,y) km*km
56-67 E12.4 Covarience (x,z) km*km
68-79 E14.4 Covariance (y,z) km*km
Type F Line (Optional): Fault plane solution
Columns Format Description
1:30 3F10.0 Strike, dip and rake, Aki convention
31:45 3F5.1 Error in strike dip and rake (HASH), error in fault plane and aux. plane (FPFIT)
46:50 F5.1 Fit error: FPFIT and HASH (F-fit)
51:55 F5.1 Station distribution ratio (FPFIT, HASH)
56:60 F5.1 Amplitude ratio fit (HASH, FOCMEC)
61:62 I2 Number of bad polarities (FOCMEC, PINV)
64.65 I2 Number of bad amplitude ratios (FOCMEC)
67:69 A3 Agency code
71:77 A7 Program used
78:78 A1 Quality of solution, A (best), B C or D (worst), added manually
79:79 A1 Blank, can be used by user
80:80 A1 F
Type H line, High accuracy hypoenter line
Columns
1:55 As type 1 line
16 Free
17 Seconds, f6.3
23 Free
24:32 Latitude, f9.5
33 Free
34:43 Longitude, f10.5
44 Free
45:52 Depth, f8.3
53 Free
54:59 RMS, f6.3
60:79 Free
80 H
Type I Line, ID line
Columns Format description1 Free
2:8 Help text for the action indicator
9:11 Last action done, so far defined
ARG: AUTO Register, AUTOREG
ARX: From ARC extract
DPH: Phases deleted with DELS
DUP: Duplicated event
HIN: Updated with HYPOINVERSE
NEW: New event
REE: Register from EEV
REG: Register
SPL: Split
UPD: Update with HYP
UP : Update with HYP only from EEV
12 Free
13:26 Date and time of last action
27 Free
28:30 Help text for operator
36:42 Help text for status
43:56 Status flags, not yet defined
57 Free
58:60 Help text for ID
61:74 ID, year to second
75 If d, this indicate that a new file id had to be created which was
one or more seconds different from an existing ID to avoid overwrite.
76 Indicate if ID is locked. Blank means not locked, L means locked.
Type M Line (Optional): Moment tensor solution
Note: the type M lines are pairs of lines with one line that gives the hypocenter time,
and one line that gives the moment tensor values:
The first moment tensor line:
Columns Format Description
1:1 Free
2: 5 I4 Year
7: 8 I2 Month
9:10 I2 Day of Month
12:13 I2 Hour
14:15 I2 Minutes
17:20 F4.1 Seconds
24:30 F7.3 Latitude Degrees (+ N)
31:38 F8.3 Longitude Degrees (+ E)
39:43 F5.1 Depth Km
46:48 A3 Reporting Agency
56:59 F4.1 Magnitude
60 A1 Type of Magnitude L=ML, b=mb, B=mB, s=Ms, S=MS, W=MW,
61:63 A3 Magnitude Reporting Agency
71:77 A7 Method used
78:78 A1 Quality of solution, A (best), B C or D (worst), added manually
79:79 A1 Blank, can be used by user
80:A1 M
The second moment tensor line:
Columns Format Description
1:1 Free
2:3 A2 MT
4:9 F6.3 Mrr or Mzz [Nm]
11:16 F6.3 Mtt or Mxx [Nm]
18:23 F6.3 Mpp or Myy [Nm]
25:30 F6.3 Mrt or Mzx [Nm]
32:37 F6.3 Mrp or Mzy [Nm]
39:44 F6.3 Mtp or Mxy [Nm]
46:48 A3 Reporting Agency
49:49 A1 MT coordinate system (S=spherical, C=Cartesian)
50:51 i2 Exponental
53:62 G6.3 Scalar Moment [Nm]
71:77 A7 Method used
78:78 A1 Quality of solution, A (best), B C or D (worst), added manually
79:79 A1 Blank, can be used by user
80:80 A1 M
Type P line, file name of a picture file
1:1 Free
2:79 File name
80:80 P
Type E13 and EC3 line, explosion information
Example
1980 0124 0927 CHARGE(T): 0.5 E13 LE Haakonsvern, HAA underwater explosion E13 EC3
Information on explsion site, time and agency, same format as a type 1 line, no magnitudesused, last 3 columns must be E13
EC3 Information on charge and site
Columns
2:11 Info text
11:12 Blank
13:22 Charge in tons, f10.3
23:77 Any information, a
78:80 EC3
Type MACRO3 line: File name of macroseismic observations in ISO directory
Example:
1980-03-14-0456-05.MACRO MACRO3
An example of the file is:
Sunnfjord 1980 314 456 5 GMT 1980 314 556 5 Local time
Comment
60.500 5.270 1.0 EMS 5088 MJOELKERAAEN
60.560 5.260 1.0 EMS 5100 ISDALSTOE
60.570 5.050 1.0 EMS 5112 ROSSLAND
1. Line
Location, GMT time, Local time. Format a30,i4,1x,2i2,1x,2i2,1x,i2,'
GMT',1x,i4,1x,2i2,1x,2i2,1x,i2,1x,'Local time'
2. Line Comments
3. Line Observations: Latitude, Longitude,intensity, code for scale, postal code or similar,
location,Format 2f10.4,f5.1,1x,a3,1x,a10,2x,a. Note the postal code is an ascii string and
left justified (a10).
Type 3 line giving xnear/xfar
Definition of xnear and xfar to be used with HYPOCENTER.
Example
XNEAR 1000.0 XFAR 2000.0 3
Columns
8-13: xnear value
20-25: xfar value
Type 3 line with locality, example
LOCALITY: atlantic ocean 3
Type 3 line with felt information, example
FELTINFO: cracks in the ground at xx 3